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Visual C#® 2005: How to Program, Second Edition

by H. M. Deitel - Deitel & Associates, Inc.; P. J. Deitel - Deitel & Associates, Inc.

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Copyright, iv
Deitel® Series Page, ii
Preface, xxiii
1. Introduction to Computers, the Internet and Visual C#, 1
1.1. Introduction, 2
1.2. What Is a Computer?, 3
1.3. Computer Organization, 3
1.4. Early Operating Systems, 4
1.5. Personal Computing, Distributed Computing and Client/Server Computing, 5
1.6. Hardware Trends, 6
1.7. Microsoft’s Windows® Operating System, 6
1.8. Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages, 7
1.9. C#, 9
1.10. C, C++, Java and Visual Basic, 10
1.11. Other High-Level Languages, 11
1.12. The Internet and the World Wide Web, 12
1.13. Extensible Markup Language (XML), 13
1.14. Microsoft’s .NET, 13
1.15. The .NET Framework and the Common Language Runtime, 14
1.16. Test-Driving a C# Application, 15
1.17. (Only Required Section of the Case Study) Software Engineering Case Study: Introduction to Object Technology and the UML, 18
1.18. Wrap-Up, 24
1.19. Web Resources, 24
Summary, 26
Terminology, 30
Self-Review Exercises, 32
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 32
Exercises, 33
2. Introduction to the Visual C# 2005 Express Edition IDE, 35
2.1. Introduction, 36
2.2. Overview of the Visual Studio 2005 IDE, 36
2.3. Menu Bar and Toolbar, 42
2.4. Navigating the Visual Studio 2005 IDE, 45
2.5. Using Help, 51
2.6. Using Visual Programming to Create a Simple Program Displaying Text and an Image, 53
2.7. Wrap-Up, 66
2.8. Web Resources, 67
Summary, 67
Terminology, 69
Self-Review Exercises, 70
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 71
Exercises, 71
3. Introduction to C# Applications, 76
3.1. Introduction, 77
3.2. A Simple C# Application: Displaying a Line of Text, 77
3.3. Creating Your Simple Application in Visual C# Express, 83
3.4. Modifying Your Simple C# Application, 90
3.5. Formatting Text with Console.Write and Console.WriteLine, 93
3.6. Another C# Application: Adding Integers, 94
3.7. Memory Concepts, 98
3.8. Arithmetic, 99
3.9. Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators, 102
3.10. (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Examining the ATM Requirements Document, 106
3.11. Wrap-Up, 116
Summary, 117
Terminology, 119
Self-Review Exercises, 121
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 122
Exercises, 123
4. Introduction to Classes and Objects, 128
4.1. Introduction, 129
4.2. Classes, Objects, Methods, Properties and Instance Variables, 129
4.3. Declaring a Class with a Method and Instantiating an Object of a Class, 131
4.4. Declaring a Method with a Parameter, 135
4.5. Instance Variables and Properties, 138
4.6. UML Class Diagram with a Property, 143
4.7. Software Engineering with Properties and set and get Accessors, 144
4.8. Value Types vs. Reference Types, 145
4.9. Initializing Objects with Constructors, 146
4.11. (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying the Classes in the ATM Requirements Document, 156
4.12. Wrap-Up, 163
Summary, 164
Terminology, 167
Self-Review Exercises, 168
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 169
Exercises, 170
5. Control Statements: Part 1, 171
5.1. Introduction, 172
5.2. Algorithms, 172
5.3. Pseudocode, 173
5.4. Control Structures, 173
5.5. if Single-Selection Statement, 176
5.6. if...else Double-Selection Statement, 177
5.7. while Repetition Statement, 182
5.8. Formulating Algorithms: Counter-Controlled Repetition, 183
5.9. Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition, 188
5.10. Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements, 196
5.11. Compound Assignment Operators, 200
5.12. Increment and Decrement Operators, 202
5.13. Simple Types, 204
5.14. (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Attributes in the ATM System, 205
5.15. Wrap-Up, 210
Summary, 210
Terminology, 213
Self-Review Exercises, 214
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 215
Exercises, 216
6. Control Statements: Part 2, 223
6.1. Introduction, 224
6.2. Essentials of Counter-Controlled Repetition, 224
6.3. for Repetition Statement, 226
6.4. Examples Using the for Statement, 230
6.5. do...while Repetition Statement, 235
6.6. switch Multiple-Selection Statement, 237
6.7. break and continue Statements, 244
6.8. Logical Operators, 246
6.9. Structured Programming Summary, 253
6.10. (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Objects’ States and Activities in the ATM System, 258
6.11. Wrap-Up, 263
Summary, 263
Terminology, 265
Self-Review Exercises, 266
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 267
Exercises, 268
7. Methods: A Deeper Look, 272
7.1. Introduction, 273
7.2. Packaging Code in C#, 274
7.3. static Methods, static Variables and Class Math, 275
7.4. Declaring Methods with Multiple Parameters, 278
7.5. Notes on Declaring and Using Methods, 282
7.6. Method Call Stack and Activation Records, 283
7.7. Argument Promotion and Casting, 284
7.8. The Framework Class Library, 286
7.9. Case Study: Random-Number Generation, 287
7.10. Case Study: A Game of Chance (Introducing Enumerations), 293
7.11. Scope of Declarations, 298
7.12. Method Overloading, 301
7.13. Recursion, 304
7.14. Passing Arguments: Pass-by-Value vs. Pass-by-Reference, 307
7.15. (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Operations in the ATM System, 310
7.16. Wrap-Up, 318
Summary, 318
Terminology, 322
Self-Review Exercises, 323
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 325
8. Arrays, 335
8.1. Introduction, 336
8.2. Arrays, 336
8.3. Declaring and Creating Arrays, 338
8.4. Examples Using Arrays, 339
8.5. Case Study: Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation, 347
8.6. foreach Statement, 351
8.7. Passing Arrays and Array Elements to Methods, 353
8.8. Passing Arrays by Value and by Reference, 355
8.9. Case Study: Class GradeBook Using an Array to Store Grades, 359
8.10. Multidimensional Arrays, 363
8.11. Case Study: Class GradeBook Using a Rectangular Array, 369
8.12. Variable-Length Argument Lists, 375
8.13. Using Command-Line Arguments, 377
8.14. (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Collaboration Among Objects in the ATM System, 379
8.15. Wrap-Up, 386
Summary, 387
Terminology, 389
Self-Review Exercises, 390
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 391
Exercises, 392
Special Section: Building Your Own Computer, 401
9. Classes and Objects: A Deeper Look, 408
9.1. Introduction, 409
9.2. Time Class Case Study, 410
9.3. Controlling Access to Members, 413
9.4. Referring to the Current Object’s Members with the this Reference, 414
9.5. Indexers, 417
9.7. Default and Parameterless Constructors, 425
9.8. Composition, 426
9.9. Garbage Collection and Destructors, 430
9.10. static Class Members, 431
9.11. readonly Instance Variables, 436
9.12. Software Reusability, 438
9.13. Data Abstraction and Encapsulation, 439
9.14. Time Class Case Study: Creating Class Libraries, 441
9.16. Class View and Object Browser, 447
9.17. (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Starting to Program the Classes of the ATM System, 448
Terminology, 459
Self-Review Exercises, 459
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 460
Exercises, 460
10. Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance, 464
10.1. Introduction, 465
10.2. Base Classes and Derived Classes, 466
10.3. protected Members, 468
10.4. Relationship between Base Classes and Derived Classes, 469
10.5. Constructors in Derived Classes, 494
10.7. Class object, 500
10.8. Wrap-Up, 502
Summary, 502
Terminology, 504
Self-Review Exercises, 505
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 505
Exercises, 506
11. Polymorphism, Interfaces & Operator Overloading, 508
11.1. Introduction, 509
11.2. Polymorphism Examples, 511
11.3. Demonstrating Polymorphic Behavior, 512
11.4. Abstract Classes and Methods, 515
11.5. Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism, 517
11.6. sealed Methods and Classes, 532
11.7. Case Study: Creating and Using Interfaces, 533
11.8. Operator Overloading, 544
11.9. (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Incorporating Inheritance and Polymorphism into the ATM System, 548
11.10. Wrap-Up, 556
Summary, 557
Terminology, 559
Self-Review Exercises, 559
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 560
Exercises, 560
12. Exception Handling, 562
12.1. Introduction, 563
12.2. Exception Handling Overview, 564
12.3. Example: Divide by Zero Without Exception Handling, 564
12.4. Example: Handling DivideByZeroExceptions and FormatExceptions, 567
12.5. .NET Exception Hierarchy, 573
12.6. finally Block, 574
12.7. Exception Properties, 582
12.8. User-Defined Exception Classes, 587
Summary, 591
Terminology, 593
Self-Review Exercises, 593
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 594
Exercises, 594
13. Graphical User Interface Concepts: Part 1, 596
13.1. Introduction, 597
13.2. Windows Forms, 599
13.3. Event Handling, 601
13.4. Control Properties and Layout, 608
13.5. Labels, TextBoxes and Buttons, 612
13.6. GroupBoxes and Panels, 615
13.7. CheckBoxes and RadioButtons, 618
13.8. PictureBoxes, 626
13.9. ToolTips, 628
13.10. NumericUpDown Control, 631
13.11. Mouse-Event Handling, 633
13.12. Keyboard-Event Handling, 636
13.13. Wrap-Up, 639
Summary, 639
Terminology, 644
Self-Review Exercises, 645
Answers To Self-Review Exercises, 646
Exercises, 646
14. Graphical User Interface Concepts: Part 2, 648
14.1. Introduction, 649
14.2. Menus, 649
14.3. MonthCalendar Control, 659
14.4. DateTimePicker Control, 659
14.5. LinkLabel Control, 663
14.6. ListBox Control, 667
14.7. CheckedListBox Control, 671
14.8. ComboBox Control, 674
14.9. TreeView Control, 678
14.10. ListView Control, 684
14.11. TabControl Control, 690
14.12. Multiple Document Interface (MDI) Windows, 695
14.14. User-Defined Controls, 706
14.15. Wrap-Up, 709
Summary, 711
Terminology, 714
Self-Review Exercises, 716
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 716
Exercises, 716
15. Multithreading, 719
15.1. Introduction, 720
15.2. Thread States: Life Cycle of a Thread, 721
15.3. Thread Priorities and Thread Scheduling, 723
15.4. Creating and Executing Threads, 725
15.5. Thread Synchronization and Class Monitor, 728
15.6. Producer/Consumer Relationship without Thread Synchronization, 730
15.7. Producer/Consumer Relationship with Thread Synchronization, 737
15.8. Producer/Consumer Relationship: Circular Buffer, 745
15.9. Multithreading with GUIs, 753
15.10. Wrap-Up, 758
Summary, 758
Terminology, 762
Self-Review Exercises, 763
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 764
Exercises, 764
16. Strings, Characters and Regular Expressions, 765
16.1. Introduction, 766
16.2. Fundamentals of Characters and Strings, 767
16.3. string Constructors, 768
16.4. string Indexer, Length Property and CopyTo Method, 769
16.5. Comparing strings, 771
16.6. Locating Characters and Substrings in strings, 774
16.8. Concatenating strings, 777
16.9. Miscellaneous string Methods, 777
16.11. Length and Capacity Properties, EnsureCapacity Method and Indexer of Class StringBuilder, 781
16.12. Append and AppendFormat Methods of Class StringBuilder, 783
16.14. Char Methods, 788
16.15. Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation, 790
16.16. Regular Expressions and Class Regex, 794
16.17. Wrap-Up, 804
Summary, 804
Terminology, 807
Self-Review Exercises, 808
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 808
Exercises, 809
17. Graphics and Multimedia, 810
17.1. Introduction, 811
17.2. Drawing Classes and the Coordinate System, 811
17.3. Graphics Contexts and Graphics Objects, 813
17.4. Color Control, 814
17.5. Font Control, 821
17.7. Drawing Arcs, 829
17.8. Drawing Polygons and Polylines, 832
17.9. Advanced Graphics Capabilities, 835
17.11. Loading, Displaying and Scaling Images, 841
17.12. Animating a Series of Images, 843
17.13. Windows Media Player, 854
17.14. Microsoft Agent, 855
17.15. Wrap-Up, 869
Summary, 869
Terminology, 874
Self-Review Exercises, 876
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 876
Exercises, 877
18. Files and Streams, 878
18.1. Introduction, 879
18.2. Data Hierarchy, 879
18.3. Files and Streams, 881
18.4. Classes File and Directory, 882
18.5. Creating a Sequential-Access Text File, 891
18.6. Reading Data from a Sequential-Access Text File, 902
18.7. Serialization, 912
18.8. Creating a Sequential-Access File Using Object Serialization, 913
18.9. Reading and Deserializing Data from a Sequential-Access Text File, 919
18.10. Wrap-Up, 923
Summary, 923
Terminology, 926
Self-Review Exercises, 927
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 928
Exercises, 928
19. Extensible Markup Language (XML), 930
19.1. Introduction, 931
19.2. XML Basics, 931
19.3. Structuring Data, 934
19.4. XML Namespaces, 941
19.5. Document Type Definitions (DTDs), 944
19.6. W3C XML Schema Documents, 947
19.7. (Optional) Extensible Stylesheet Language and XSL Transformations, 954
19.8. (Optional) Document Object Model (DOM), 963
19.9. (Optional) Schema Validation with Class XmlReader, 977
19.10. (Optional) XSLT with Class XslCompiledTransform, 980
19.11. Wrap-Up, 983
19.12. Web Resources, 983
Summary, 985
Terminology, 988
Self-Review Exercises, 990
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 991
Exercises, 992
20. Database, SQL and ADO.NET, 993
20.1. Introduction, 994
20.2. Relational Databases, 995
20.3. Relational Database Overview: Books Database, 996
20.4. SQL, 1000
20.5. ADO.NET Object Model, 1009
20.6. Programming with ADO.NET: Extracting Information from a Database, 1010
20.7. Querying the Books Database, 1022
20.8. Programming with ADO.NET: Address Book Case Study, 1031
20.9. Using a DataSet to Read and Write XML, 1039
20.10. Wrap-Up, 1042
20.11. Web Resources, 1042
Summary, 1043
Terminology, 1047
Self-Review Exercises, 1048
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1049
Exercises, 1049
21. ASP.NET 2.0, Web Forms and Web Controls, 1050
21.1. Introduction, 1051
21.2. Simple HTTP Transactions, 1052
21.3. Multitier Application Architecture, 1054
21.4. Creating and Running a Simple Web-Form Example, 1055
21.5. Web Controls, 1070
21.8. Case Study: Secure Books Database Application, 1122
21.9. Wrap-Up, 1151
21.10. Web Resources, 1152
Summary, 1153
Terminology, 1159
Self-Review Exercises, 1161
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1162
Exercises, 1162
22. Web Services, 1163
22.1. Introduction, 1164
22.2. .NET Web Services Basics, 1165
22.3. Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), 1172
22.4. Publishing and Consuming Web Services, 1174
22.5. Session Tracking in Web Services, 1190
22.6. Using Web Forms and Web Services, 1204
22.7. User-Defined Types in Web Services, 1212
22.8. Wrap-Up, 1222
22.9. Web Resources, 1222
Summary, 1223
Terminology, 1228
Self-Review Exercises, 1228
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1229
Exercises, 1229
23. Networking: Streams-Based Sockets and Datagrams, 1231
23.1. Introduction, 1232
23.2. Connection-Oriented vs. Connectionless Communication, 1233
23.3. Protocols for Transporting Data, 1233
23.4. Establishing a Simple TCP Server (Using Stream Sockets), 1234
23.5. Establishing a Simple TCP Client (Using Stream Sockets), 1236
23.6. Client/Server Interaction with Stream-Socket Connections, 1236
23.7. Connectionless Client/Server Interaction with Datagrams, 1247
23.10. .NET Remoting, 1270
23.11. Wrap-Up, 1282
Summary, 1282
Terminology, 1285
Self-Review Exercises, 1286
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1287
Exercises, 1287
24. Searching and Sorting, 1289
24.1. Introduction, 1290
24.2. Searching Algorithms, 1291
24.3. Sorting Algorithms, 1300
24.4. Wrap-Up, 1315
Summary, 1316
Terminology, 1317
Self-Review Exercises, 1317
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1318
Exercises, 1318
25. Data Structures, 1321
25.1. Introduction, 1322
25.2. Simple-Type structs, Boxing and Unboxing, 1322
25.3. Self-Referential Classes, 1323
25.4. Linked Lists, 1325
25.5. Stacks, 1337
25.6. Queues, 1341
25.7. Trees, 1345
25.8. Wrap-Up, 1359
Summary, 1360
Terminology, 1361
Self-Review Exercises, 1362
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1363
Exercises, 1363
26. Generics, 1367
26.1. Introduction, 1368
26.2. Motivation for Generic Methods, 1369
26.3. Generic Method Implementation, 1371
26.4. Type Constraints, 1373
26.5. Overloading Generic Methods, 1376
26.6. Generic Classes, 1377
26.7. Notes on Generics and Inheritance, 1386
26.8. Wrap-Up, 1386
Summary, 1387
Terminology, 1389
Self-Review Exercises, 1389
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1390
Exercises, 1390
27. Collections, 1392
27.1. Introduction, 1393
27.2. Collections Overview, 1394
27.3. Class Array and Enumerators, 1396
27.4. Non-Generic Collections, 1400
27.5. Generic Collections, 1411
27.6. Synchronized Collections, 1418
27.7. Wrap-Up, 1419
Summary, 1419
Terminology, 1421
Self-Review Exercises, 1422
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1423
Exercises, 1423
A. Operator Precedence Chart, 1425
B. Number Systems, 1427
B.1. Introduction, 1428
B.2. Abbreviating Binary Numbers as Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers, 1431
B.3. Converting Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers to Binary Numbers, 1432
B.4. Converting from Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal to Decimal, 1432
B.5. Converting from Decimal to Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal, 1433
B.6. Negative Binary Numbers: Two’s Complement Notation, 1435
Summary, 1436
Terminology, 1437
Self-Review Exercises, 1437
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1438
Exercises, 1439
C. Using the Visual Studio 2005 Debugger, 1440
C.1. Introduction, 1441
C.2. Breakpoints and the Continue Command, 1441
C.3. The Locals and Watch Windows, 1446
C.4. Controlling Execution Using the Step Into, Step Over, Step Out and Continue Commands, 1449
C.5. Other Features, 1452
C.6. Wrap-Up, 1456
Summary, 1457
Terminology, 1458
Self-Review Exercises, 1458
Answers to Self-Review Exercises, 1458
D. ASCII Character Set, 1459
E. Unicode®, 1460
E.1. Introduction, 1461
E.2. Unicode Transformation Formats, 1462
E.3. Characters and Glyphs, 1463
E.4. Advantages/Disadvantages of Unicode, 1463
E.5. Using Unicode, 1464
E.6. Character Ranges, 1466
Summary, 1467
Terminology, 1469
Self-Review Exercises, 1469
Answers to Self-Review exercises, 1470
Exercises, 1470
F. Introduction to XHTML: Part 1, 1471
F.1. Introduction, 1472
F.2. Editing XHTML, 1472
F.3. First XHTML Example, 1473
F.4. W3C XHTML Validation Service, 1476
F.5. Headers, 1477
F.6. Linking, 1479
F.8. Special Characters and More Line Breaks, 1485
F.9. Unordered Lists, 1487
F.10. Nested and Ordered Lists, 1489
F.11. Web Resources, 1491
G. Introduction to XHTML: Part 2, 1492
G.1. Introduction, 1493
G.2. Basic XHTML Tables, 1493
G.3. Intermediate XHTML Tables and Formatting, 1496
G.5. More Complex XHTML Forms, 1501
G.6. Internal Linking, 1508
G.7. Creating and Using Image Maps, 1511
G.8. meta Elements, 1514
G.9. frameset Element, 1516
G.11. Web Resources, 1522
H. HTML/XHTML Special Characters, 1523
I. HTML/XHTML Colors, 1524
J. ATM Case Study Code, 1527
J.1. ATM Case Study Implementation, 1527
J.2. Class ATM, 1528
J.3. Class Screen, 1534
J.6. Class DepositSlot, 1537
J.7. Class Account, 1537
J.8. Class BankDatabase, 1540
J.9. Class Transaction, 1542
J.10. Class BalanceInquiry, 1544
J.12. Class Deposit, 1549
J.13. Class ATMCaseStudy, 1552
J.14. Wrap-Up, 1552
K. UML 2: Additional Diagram Types, 1554
K.1. Introduction, 1554
K.2. Additional Diagram Types, 1554
L. Simple Types, 1556
Additional Simple Type Information, 1557
Index, I-1-1

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