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Copyright, ii
Preface, iii
1. Getting Started , 1
1-1. Introduction, 2
1-2. Toolbars, 3
1-3. The Command Line Box, 7
1-4. Command Tools, 8
1-5. Starting a New Drawing, 8
1-6. Naming a Drawing, 8
1-7. Drawing Units, 10
1-8. Drawing Limits, 12
1-9. Grid and Snap, 13
1-10. Sample Problem SP1-1, 15
1-11. Save and Save As, 16
1-12. Open, 16
1-13. Exit, 16
1-14. Exercise Problems, 18
2. Fundamentals of 2-D Construction, 21
2-1. Introduction, 21
2-2. Line—Random Points, 21
2-3. Erase, 23
2-4. Line—Snap Points, 24
2-5. Line—Coordinate Values, 25
2-6. Line—Dynamic Inputs, 26
2-7. Construction Line, 27
2-8. Circle, 30
2-9. Circle Centerlines, 32
2-10. Polyline, 34
2-11. Spline, 36
2-12. Ellipse, 37
2-13. Rectangle, 40
2-14. Polygon, 40
2-15. Point, 42
2-16. Text, 42
2-17. Move, 46
2-18. Copy, 46
2-19. Offset, 47
2-20. Mirror (See Figure 2-44.), 48
2-21. Array, 48
2-22. Rotate, 50
2-23. Trim, 50
2-24. Extend, 51
2-25. Break, 52
2-26. Chamfer, 53
2-27. Fillet, 54
2-28. Table, 54
2-29. Exercise Problems, 57
3. More Advanced Commands, 69
3-1. Introduction, 69
3-2. Osnap, 69
3-3. OSNAP—Endpoint, 71
3-4. OSNAP—Snap From, 71
3-5. OSNAP—Midpoint, 72
3-6. OSNAP—Intersection, 73
3-7. OSNAP—Apparent Intersection, 73
3-8. OSNAP—Center, 74
3-9. OSNAP—Quadrant, 74
3-10. OSNAP—Perpendicular, 74
3-11. OSNAP—Tangent, 75
3-12. OSNAP—Nearest, 76
3-13. Sample Problem SP3-1, 76
3-14. Sample Problem—SP3-2, 77
3-15. Grips, 78
3-16. GRIPS—Extend, 79
3-17. GRIPS—Move, 80
3-18. GRIPS—Rotate, 80
3-19. GRIPS—Scale, 81
3-20. GRIPS—Mirror, 81
3-21. Blocks, 82
3-22. Working with Blocks, 84
3-23. Wblock, 87
3-24. Dynamic Blocks, 89
3-25. Layers, 96
3-26. Attributes, 104
3-27. Title Blocks with Attributes, 109
3-28. Edit Polyline, 111
3-29. Edit Spline, 111
3-30. Edit Text, 112
3-31. Constructing the Bisector of an Angle—Method I, 113
3-32. Constructing the Bisector of an Angle—Method II, 114
3-33. Constructing An Ogee Curve (S-Curve) with Equal Arcs, 114
3-34. Constructing a Parabola, 115
3-35. Constructing a Hyperbola, 115
3-36. Constructing a Spiral, 116
3-37. Constructing a Helix, 117
3-38. Designing Using Shape Parameters, 117
3-39. Exercise Problems, 120
4. Sketching, 139
4-1. Introduction, 139
4-2. Establishing Your Own Style, 139
4-3. Graph Paper, 139
4-4. Pencils, 140
4-5. Lines, 140
4-6. Proportions, 141
4-7. Curves, 142
4-8. Sample Problem SP4-1, 143
4-9. Isometric Sketches, 144
4-10. Sample Problem SP4-2, 146
4-11. Oblique Sketches, 147
4-12. Perspective Sketches, 148
4-13. Working in Different Orientations, 150
4-14. Exercise Problems, 151
5. Orthographic Views, 163
5-1. Introduction, 163
5-2. Three Views of an Object, 163
5-3. Visualization, 164
5-4. Hidden Lines, 166
5-5. Hidden Line Conventions, 166
5-6. Drawing Hidden Lines, 167
5-7. Precedence of Lines, 171
5-8. Slanted Surfaces, 171
5-9. Projection Between Views, 172
5-10. Sample Problem SP5-1, 172
5-11. Compound Lines, 173
5-12. Sample Problem SP5-2, 174
5-13. Oblique Surfaces, 175
5-14. Sample Problem SP5-3, 176
5-15. Rounded Surfaces, 177
5-16. Sample Problem SP5-4, 178
5-17. Holes, 178
5-18. Holes in Slanted Surfaces, 181
5-19. Cylinders, 183
5-20. Sample Problem SP5-5, 184
5-21. Cylinders with Slanted and Rounded Surfaces, 185
5-22. Sample Problem SP5-6, 186
5-23. Drawing Conventions and Cylinders, 187
5-24. Irregular Surfaces, 188
5-25. Sample Problem SP5-7, 188
5-26. Hole Callouts, 191
5-27. Castings, 192
5-28. Sample Problem SP5-8, 194
5-29. Thin-Walled Objects, 195
5-30. Sample Problem SP5-9, 196
5-31. Intersections, 197
5-32. Sample Problem SP5-10, 197
5-33. Sample Problem SP5-11, 199
5-34. Sample Problem SP5-12, 199
5-35. Designing by Modifying an Existing Part, 202
5-36. Exercise Problems, 204
6. Sectional Views, 235
6-1. Introduction, 235
6-2. Cutting Plane Lines, 237
6-3. Section Lines, 240
6-4. Hatch, 241
6-5. Sample Problem SP6-1, 243
6-6. Styles of Section Lines, 244
6-7. Sectional View Location, 244
6-8. Holes in Sections, 245
6-9. Gradients, 246
6-10. Offset Sections, 247
6-11. Multiple Sections, 248
6-12. Aligned Sections, 248
6-13. Drawing Conventions in Sections, 248
6-14. Half, Partial, and Broken-Out Sectional Views, 249
6-15. Removed Sectional Views, 250
6-16. Breaks, 251
6-17. Sectional Views of Castings, 252
6-18. Exercise Problems, 254
7. Auxiliary Views, 269
7-1. Introduction, 269
7-2. Projection Between Normal and Auxiliary Views, 270
7-3. Sample Problem SP7-1, 272
7-4. Transferring Lines Between Views, 273
7-5. Sample Problem SP7-2, 275
7-6. Projecting Rounded Surfaces, 276
7-7. Sample Problem SP7-3, 276
7-8. Projecting Irregular Surfaces, 277
7-9. Sample Problem SP7-4, 277
7-10. Sample Problem SP7-5, 278
7-11. Partial Auxiliary Views, 279
7-12. Sectional Auxiliary Views, 279
7-13. Auxiliary Views of Oblique Surfaces, 280
7-14. Secondary Auxiliary Views, 281
7-15. Sample Problem SP7-6, 284
7-16. Secondary Auxiliary View of an Ellipse, 285
7-17. Exercise Problems, 286
8. Dimensioning , 301
8-1. Introduction, 302
8-2. Terminology and Conventions, 302
8-3. Linear Dimension, 304
8-4. Dimension Styles, 308
8-5. Units, 311
8-6. Aligned Dimensions (See Figures 8-29 and 8-30.), 313
8-7. Radius and Diameter Dimensions, 313
8-8. Angular Dimensions, 317
8-9. Ordinate Dimensions, 318
8-10. Baseline Dimensions, 321
8-11. Continue Dimension, 322
8-12. Quick Dimension, 323
8-13. Center Mark, 324
8-14. Quick Leader, 324
8-15. Dimension Edit, 327
8-16. Tolerances, 328
8-17. Dimensioning Holes, 328
8-18. Placing Dimensions, 331
8-19. Fillets and Rounds, 331
8-20. Rounded Shapes (Internal), 331
8-21. Rounded Shapes (External), 332
8-22. Irregular Surfaces, 333
8-23. Polar Dimensions, 334
8-24. Chamfers, 334
8-25. Knurling, 335
8-26. Keys and Keyseats, 336
8-27. Symbols and Abbreviations, 337
8-28. Symmetry and Centerline, 337
8-29. Dimensioning to Points, 337
8-30. Coordinate Dimensions, 338
8-31. Sectional Views, 339
8-32. Orthographic Views, 339
8-33. Very Large Radii, 340
8-34. Exercise Problems, 341
9. Tolerancing, 359
9-1. Introduction, 359
9-2. Direct Tolerance Methods, 359
9-3. Tolerance Expressions, 360
9-4. Understanding Plus and Minus Tolerances, 360
9-5. Creating Plus and Minus Tolerances Using AutoCAD, 361
9-6. Limit Tolerances, 363
9-7. Creating Limit Tolerances Using AutoCAD, 364
9-8. Angular Tolerances, 365
9-9. Standard Tolerances, 366
9-10. Double Dimensioning, 366
9-11. Chain Dimensions and Baseline Dimensions, 367
9-12. Tolerance Studies, 369
9-13. Rectangular Dimensions, 369
9-14. Hole Locations, 370
9-15. Choosing a Shaft for a Toleranced Hole, 370
9-16. Sample Problem SP9-1, 371
9-17. Sample Problem SP9-2, 372
9-18. Standard Fits (Metric Values), 372
9-19. Nominal Sizes, 374
9-20. Hole and Shaft Basis, 374
9-21. Sample Problem SP9-3, 375
9-22. Standard Fits (Inch Values), 375
9-23. Sample Problem SP9-4, 375
9-24. Preferred and Standard Sizes, 376
9-25. Surface Finishes, 376
9-26. Surface Control Symbols, 379
9-27. Design Problems, 380
9-28. Exercise Problems, 384
10. Geometric Tolerances, 397
10-1. Introduction, 397
10-2. Tolerances of Form, 398
10-3. Flatness, 398
10-4. Straightness, 398
10-5. Straightness (RFS and MMC), 399
10-6. Circularity, 401
10-7. Cylindricity, 402
10-8. Geometric Tolerances Using AutoCAD, 403
10-9. Tolerances of Orientation, 409
10-10. Datums, 409
10-11. Perpendicularity, 410
10-12. Parallelism, 412
10-13. Angularism, 412
10-14. Profiles, 412
10-15. Runouts, 414
10-16. Positional Tolerances, 415
10-17. Virtual Condition, 416
10-18. Floating Fasteners, 417
10-19. Sample Problem SP10-1, 418
10-20. Sample Problem SP10-2, 418
10-21. Fixed Fasteners, 419
10-22. Sample Problem SP10-3, 420
10-23. Design Problems, 421
10-24. Exercise Problems, 423
11. Threads and Fasteners, 443
11-1. Introduction, 443
11-2. Thread Terminology, 443
11-3. Thread Callouts (Metric Units), 443
11-4. Thread Callouts (English Units), 444
11-5. Thread Representations, 445
11-6. Orthographic Views of Internal Threads, 450
11-7. Sectional Views of Internal Thread Representations, 450
11-8. Types of Threads, 451
11-9. How to Draw an External Square Thread, 452
11-10. How to Draw an Internal Square Thread, 453
11-11. How to Draw an External Acme Thread, 453
11-12. Bolts and Nuts, 455
11-13. Screws, 455
11-14. Studs, 455
11-15. Head Shapes, 456
11-16. Nuts, 459
11-17. Sample Problem SP11-1, 462
11-18. Sample Problem SP11-2, 462
11-19. Standard Screws, 463
11-20. Set Screws, 464
11-21. Washers, 465
11-22. Keys, 466
11-23. Rivets, 466
11-24. Springs, 468
11-25. DesignCenter, 470
11-26. Exercise Problems, 473
12. Working Drawings, 483
12-1. Introduction, 483
12-2. Assembly Drawings, 484
12-3. Drawing Formats (Templates), 486
12-4. Title block, 489
12-5. Revision Block, 490
12-6. Tolerance Block, 491
12-7. Release Block, 491
12-8. Parts List (Bill of Materials), 492
12-9. Detail Drawings, 493
12-10. First-Angle Projection, 494
12-11. Drawing Notes, 495
12-12. Design Layouts, 495
12-13. Sample Problem SP12-1, 496
12-14. Exercise Problems, 500
13. Gears, Bearings, and Cams, 521
13-1. Introduction, 521
13-2. Types of Gears, 521
13-3. Gear Terminology—Spur, 521
13-4. Spur Gear Drawings, 523
13-5. Sample Problem SP13-1, 524
13-6. Sample Problem SP13-2, 526
13-7. Sample Problem SP13-3, 528
13-8. Selecting Spur Gears, 528
13-9. Center Distance Between Gears, 529
13-10. Sample Problem SP13-4, 529
13-11. Combining Spur Gears, 531
13-12. Gear Terminology—Bevel, 533
13-13. How to Draw Bevel Gears, 534
13-14. Worm Gears, 535
13-15. Helical Gears, 537
13-16. Racks, 538
13-17. Ball Bearings, 539
13-18. Sample Problem SP13-5, 539
13-19. Bushings, 541
13-20. Sample Problem SP13-6, 542
13-21. Cam Displacement Diagrams, 543
13-22. Cam Motions, 544
13-23. Cam Followers, 547
13-24. Sample Problem SP13-7, 548
13-25. Exercise Problems, 550
14. Fundamentals of 3-D Drawing, 559
14-1. Introduction, 559
14-2. The World Coordinate System, 559
14-3. Viewpoints, 561
14-4. User Coordinate Systems (UCSs), 564
14-5. Working with UCSs, 566
14-6. Sample Problem SP14-1, 568
14-7. Orthographic Views, 573
14-8. Elev, 576
14-9. Using the Elev Command to Create Objects, 577
14-10. Exercise Problems, 581
15. Surface Modeling, 587
15-1. Introduction, 587
15-2. Box, 589
15-3. Wedge, 589
15-4. Pyramid, 590
15-5. Cone (See Figure 15-10.), 593
15-6. Sphere (See Figure 15-12.), 594
15-7. Dome, 595
15-8. Dish, 596
15-9. Torus, 596
15-10. 3-D Face, 597
15-11. 3-D Mesh, 598
15-12. Revolved Surface, 599
15-13. Tabulated Surface, 601
15-14. Ruled Surface, 602
15-16. Combining Surfaces, 605
15-17. Using Surfaces with a UCS, 606
15-19. Exercise Problems, 618
16. Solid Modeling , 629
16-1. Introduction, 630
16-2. Box, 630
16-4. Cylinder, 632
16-5. Cone, 633
16-6. Wedge, 634
16-7. Torus, 636
16-8. Extrude, 637
16-9. Revolve, 638
16-10. Slice, 639
16-11. Section, 640
16-12. Interfere, 643
16-13. Union and Subtract, 644
16-14. Solid Modeling and UCSs, 645
16-15. Combining Solid Objects, 647
16-16. Intersecting Solids, 652
16-17. Solid Models of Castings, 657
16-18. Thread Representations in Solid Models, 661
16-19. List, 661
16-20. Massprop, 663
16-21. Face and Edge Editing, 663
16-22. Design Problem, 668
16-23. Exercise Problems, 675
17. Descriptive Geometry, 703
17-1. Introduction, 703
17-2. Orthographic Projection, 703
17-3. The True Length of a Line, 706
17-4. The True Shape of a Plane, 710
17-5. Locating a Line in a Plane, 714
17-6. Locating a Point in a Plane, 716
17-7. Visibility of a Line, 718
17-8. Piercing Points, 719
17-9. Distance Between a Line and a Point, 723
17-10. Distance Between Two Lines, 725
17-11. Angle Between a Plane and a Line, 726
17-12. Angle Between Two Planes, 728
17-13. Intersection, 731
17-14. Exercise Problems, 732
Appendix, 743

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