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Lives Across Cultures: Cross–Cultural Human Development, Fourth Edition

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Lives Across Cultures: Cross–Cultural Human Development, Fourth Edition

by Harry W. Gardiner; Corinne Kosmitzki

Publisher: Prentice Hall

Copyright Year: 2008

Publishing Date: 2007/04/12

eText ISBN-10: 0-205-61421-3

eText ISBN-13: 978-0-205-61421-9

Print ISBN-10: 0-205-49475-7

Print ISBN-13: 978-0-205-49475-0

Course: Social Psychology

Pages: 384

eTextbook $21.60

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Table of Contents | Description

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ABOUT THIS TITLE - TABLE OF CONTENTS

About the Authors, xix

Chapter One. Introduction, 1

What Is Cross-Cultural Human Development?, 3

Cross-Cultural Human Development and the Other Social Sciences, 6

Some Important Themes, 7

A Cross-Cultural Perspective, 8

Goals for the Field, 8

An Ecological Model, 11

The Developmental Niche, 13

A Developmental Orientation, 13

A Chronological-Within-Topics Approach, 14

Practical Applications, 14

Overview of the Book, 15

Some Cross-Cultural Teasers, 16

Study Questions, 17

Further Readings, 18

Chapter Two. Theories and Methodology, 19

Theories of Development, 20

What Is a Theory?, 20

Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model, 21

Super and Harkness’s Developmental Niche, 27

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development, 33

Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory of Development, 36

Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory, 37

Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development, 39

Methodology in Cross-Cultural Human Development, 40

Studying Development Cross Culturally: Some Methods, Problems, and Solutions, 41

Methods for Assessing Components of the Developmental Niche, 46

Studying Ecological Systems, 48

Study Questions, 50

Further Readings, 50

Developmental Analysis, 51

Chapter Three. Culture and Socialization, 53

What is Socialization?, 54

Ecological Model and the Developmental Niche, 56

Some Cultural Variations in the Socialization of Behavior, 58

Adolescence, 70

Study Questions, 79

Further Readings, 79

Developmental Analysis, 81

Chapter Four. Cultural Aspects of Physical Growth and Development, 83

Another Piece of the Developmental Puzzle: The Human Genome, 84

Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Physical Development, 86

The Prenatal Period, 86

Infancy and Early Childhood, 89

Middle Childhood, 96

Adolescence, 99

Early and Middle Adulthood, 100

Later Adulthood, 102

Study Questions, 105

Further Readings, 105

Developmental Analysis, 107

Chapter Five. Culture, Language, and Cognition, 108

The Language–Cognition–Culture Link, 109

Early Cognitive Development in Cultural Contexts, 112

Language Acquisition, 113

Early Second-Language Acquisition and Bilingualism, 115

Stages of Knowing and Learning, 119

Language Skills and Language Socialization, 120

Adolescence and Early Adulthood, 123

Formal Operational Thinking, 123

Analytic Thinking and Problem Solving, 125

Middle and Later Adulthood, 126

Intelligence, 126

Communicating in Later Life, 129

Study Questions, 131

Further Readings, 131

Developmental Analysis, 133

Chapter Six. Culture, Self, and Personality, 134

Infancy and Temperament, 135

Temperament, Ecological Systems, and the Developmental Niche, 136

Temperament and “Goodness of Fit”, 137

Childhood and the Emergence of the Self, 140

Cultural Views of the Person, 140

Personhood in a Balinese Village, 140

Personhood in China, Japan, and the United States, 141

Cultural Views of the Self as a Person, 142

Cultural-Specific Aspects of Self, 142

Content and Context of the Self-Concept, 144

Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy, 148

Adolescence: Threshold to the Adult World, 154

Identity Formation, 154

Social Identity Formation, 156

Adulthood and Aging: A Time of Stability and Change, 159

Study Questions, 161

Further Readings, 161

Developmental Analysis, 162

Chapter Seven. Culture and Issues of Gender and Sexuality, 164

Theoretical Perspectives on Gender Differences, 166

Biological Perspectives, 166

Evolutionary Perspectives, 166

Socialization and Learning Perspectives, 167

Infancy and Childhood, 170

Gender Socialization, 170

Cultural Influences on Female and Male Socialization, 172

Gender Relationships in Childhood, 173

Adolescence, 179

Markers of Sexual Maturation, 179

Gender, Sexuality, and Cultural Taboos, 180

Early and Middle Adulthood, 182

Status and the Division of Labor Within the Family, 182

Division of Labor in the Workforce, 183

Gender Relations in Social Status, Religion, and Public Policy, 185

Later Adulthood and Old Age, 186

Divorce and Widowhood, 187

Gender Roles and Status in Old Age, 188

Study Questions, 189

Further Readings, 190

Developmental Analysis, 191

Chapter Eight. Culture and Social Behavior, 193

Child-Caretaker Relationships and Attachment Patterns, 194

The Secure-Base Hypothesis, 196

The Sensitivity Hypothesis, 199

Consistency and Inconsistency of Attachment over Time, 199

Peer Culture and Social Relationships, 200

Moral Development and Prosocial Orientation, 203

Cultural Influences on Caring and Justice Orientation, 204

Aggression, 208

Adolescence, 212

Family and Peer Influences on Adolescent Social Behavior, 212

Cultural Influences on Adolescent Social Behavior, 213

Adulthood and Aging, 215

Developmental Tasks in Middle and Later Adulthood, 216

Work and Leisure in Middle Adulthood, 216

Sport as a Social Phenomenon, 218

Social Support and Well-Being in Later Adulthood, 220

Study Questions, 221

Further Readings, 222

Developmental Analysis, 223

Chapter Nine. The Family in Cultural Context, 225

Cultural Variations in the Family Life Cycle, 226

Mate Selection, 226

Marriage and Other Long-Term Relationships, 229

The Birth Process Across Cultures, 233

The Ecology of Birth, 234

The Transition to Parenthood, 237

Parenting Infants and Children, 238

Parental Belief Systems, 239

Parenting Adolescents, 247

The Ecological Model and Adolescence, 247

Cross-Cultural Differences in Adolescent Peer Relationships, 248

Adulthood and Aging, 250

Grandparenthood, 251

Caring for the Elderly, 256

The Changing Context of Families, 260

Study Questions, 262

Further Readings, 262

Developmental Analysis, 263

Chapter Ten. Culture and Health, 265

Cultural Concepts of Health and Healing, 266

Culture-Bound Syndromes, 267

Medical Diagnosis Across Cultures, 267

Illness, Stress, and Coping, 272

Infancy and Childhood, 274

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), 274

Childhood Mental Health, 275

Ecological Influences on Early Coping Behavior, 276

Adolescence, 277

Eating Disorders, 279

Culture and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), 282

Culture and Adolescent Drug Use, 283

Early and Middle Adulthood, 285

Mental Health Issues, 285

Acculturation and Adaptation, 288

Later Adulthood, 289

Disease and Premature Aging, 290

Cultural Views on Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease, 290

Coping with Chronic Illness in Older Age, 292

Study Questions, 294

Further Readings, 294

Developmental Analysis, 296

Chapter Eleven. Looking to the Future, 298

Looking Back: A Review of Major Themes and Theories, 299

Ecological Model, 299

Developmental Niche, 301

Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory, 301

Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory, 303

Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development, 303

Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development, 305

Where Do We Go from Here? Thoughts and Challenges for the Future, 306

Study Questions, 320

Further Readings, 320

References, 322

Name Index, 347

Subject Index, 353

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ABOUT THIS TITLE - DESCRIPTION

The fourth edition of this market-leading cross-cultural human development text offers an interdisciplinary exploration of major developmental topics across the lifespan. Presented in a chronological-within-topics approach, this text focuses on cultural contexts throughout the world while emphasizing links between theory, research and practical applications.

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