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Copyright, ii
Foreword, xii
Preface, xv
How to Use This Book, xvi
How to Use the CD-ROM, xviii
About the Authors, xxi
Part I. Elements of Audiology, 1
1. The Profession of Audiology, 3
The Evolution of Audiology, 4
Licensing and Certification, 5
Prevalence and Impact of Hearing Loss, 6
A Blending of Art and Science, 8
Audiology Specialties, 8
Employment Settings, 11
Professional Societies, 12
Summary, 12
Study Questions, 13
References, 13
Suggested Readings, 14
2. The Human Ear and Simple Tests of Hearing, 15
Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear, 16
Pathways of Sound, 17
Types of Hearing Loss, 17
Hearing Tests, 19
Tuning-Fork Tests, 20
Evolving Case Studies, 25
Summary, 27
Study Questions, 29
Suggested Reading, 29
3. Sound and Its Measurement, 30
Sound, 31
Waves, 31
Vibrations, 34
Frequency, 36
Resonance, 37
Sound Velocity, 38
Wavelength, 38
Phase, 40
Complex Sounds, 41
Intensity, 44
The Decibel, 47
Environmental Sounds, 53
Psychoacoustics, 54
Impedance, 58
Sound Measurement, 59
Summary, 71
Study Questions, 73
References, 74
Suggested Readings, 74
Part II. Hearing Assessment, 75
4. Pure-Tone Audiometry, 77
The Pure-Tone Audiometer, 78
Test Environment, 79
The Patient’s Role in Manual Pure-Tone Audiometry, 83
The Clinician’s Role in Manual Pure-Tone Audiometry, 84
Air-Conduction Audiometry, 86
Bone-Conduction Audiometry, 93
Audiogram Interpretation, 99
Masking, 105
The Audiometric Weber Test, 119
Automatic Audiometry, 119
Computerized Audiometry, 120
Evolving Case Studies, 121
Summary, 122
Study Questions, 122
References, 124
Suggested Readings, 125
5. Speech Audiometry, 126
The Diagnostic Audiometer, 127
Test Environment, 127
The Patient’s Role in Speech Audiometry, 128
The Clinician’s Role in Speech Audiometry, 129
Speech-Threshold Testing, 129
Masking for SRT, 135
Bone-Conduction SRT, 139
Most Comfortable Loudness Level, 139
Uncomfortable Loudness Level, 140
Range of Comfortable Loudness, 140
Speech-Recognition Testing, 140
Computerized Speech Audiometry, 154
Evolving Case Studies, 155
Summary, 156
Study Questions, 160
References, 161
Suggested Readings, 164
6. Beyond Basic Audiometrics, 165
Acoustic Immittance, 166
Acoustic Reflexes, 175
Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE), 182
Auditory Evoked Potentials, 186
A Historical Note, 199
Evolving Case Studies, 201
Summary, 202
Study Questions, 203
References, 204
Suggested Readings, 205
7. Hearing Tests for Children, 206
Auditory Responses, 207
Identifying Hearing Loss in Infants Under 3 Months of Age, 208
Objective Testing in Routine Pediatric Hearing Evaluation, 214
Behavioral Testing of Children from Birth to Approximately 2 Years of Age, 217
Behavioral Testing of Children Approximately 2 to 5 Years of Age, 222
Language Disorders, 228
Auditory Processing Disorders, 229
Psychological Disorders, 230
Developmental Disabilities, 230
Identifying Hearing Loss in the Schools, 231
Nonorganic Hearing Loss in Children, 235
Evolving Case Studies, 236
Summary, 237
Study Questions, 238
References, 238
Suggested Readings, 240
Part III. Hearing Disorders, 241
8. The Outer Ear, 243
Anatomy and Physiology of the Outer Ear, 244
Development of the Outer Ear, 249
Hearing Loss and the Outer Ear, 250
Disorders of the Outer Ear and Their Treatments, 250
Summary, 259
Study Questions, 260
References, 260
Suggested Readings, 260
9. The Middle Ear, 261
Anatomy and Physiology of the Middle Ear, 262
Development of the Middle Ear, 268
Hearing Loss and the Middle Ear, 269
Disorders of the Middle Ear and Their Treatments, 269
Other Causes of Middle-Ear Hearing Loss, 294
Evolving Case Studies, 295
Summary, 295
Study Questions, 296
References, 297
Suggested Readings, 297
10. The Inner Ear, 298
Anatomy and Physiology of the Inner Ear, 299
Development of the Inner Ear, 311
Hearing Loss and Disorders of the Inner Ear, 311
Causes of Inner-Ear Disorders, 312
Evolving Case Studies, 335
Summary, 336
Study Questions, 337
References, 337
Suggested Readings, 339
11. The Auditory Nerve and Central Auditory Pathways, 340
From Cochlea to Auditory Cortex and Back Again, 341
Development of the Auditory Nerve and Central Auditory Nervous System, 343
Summary of the Auditory Pathways, 343
Hearing Loss and the Auditory Nerve and Central Auditory Pathways, 344
Disorders of the Auditory Nerve, 344
Disorders of the Cochlear Nuclei, 353
Disorders of the Higher Auditory Pathways, 355
Tests for Auditory Processing Disorders, 357
Summary, 367
Study Questions, 368
References, 369
Suggested Readings, 371
12. Nonorganic Hearing Loss, 372
Terminology, 373
Patients with Nonorganic Hearing Loss, 374
Indications of Nonorganic Hearing Loss, 375
Performance on Routine Hearing Tests, 376
Tests for Nonorganic Hearing Loss, 377
Management of Patients with Nonorganic Hearing Loss, 385
Evolving Case Study, 386
Summary, 387
Study Questions, 388
References, 389
Suggested Readings, 390
Part IV. Management of Hearing Loss, 391
13. Amplification/Sensory Systems, 393
Hearing Aid Development, 394
Hearing Aid Circuit Overview, 395
Electroacoustic Characteristics of Hearing Aids, 397
Binaural Amplification, 400
Types of Hearing Aids, 401
Selecting Hearing Aids for Adults, 413
Selecting Hearing Aids for Children, 417
Hearing Aid Acceptance and Orientation, 418
Dispensing Hearing Aids, 420
Hearing Assistance Technologies, 422
Evolving Case Studies, 426
Summary, 429
Study Questions, 429
References, 430
Suggested Readings, 432
14. Audiologic Treatment, 433
Patient Histories, 434
Referral to Other Specialists, 437
Audiologic Counseling, 442
Management of Adult Hearing Impairment, 448
Management of Childhood Hearing Impairment, 454
The Deaf Community, 460
Management of Auditory Processing Disorders, 460
Management of Tinnitus, 463
Hyperacusis, 466
Vestibular Rehabilitation, 466
Multicultural Considerations, 468
Evidence-Based Practice, 469
Outcome Measures, 469
Evolving Case Studies, 470
Summary, 472
Study Questions, 473
References, 473
Suggested Readings, 477
Glossary, 479
Author Index, 495
Subject Index, 499

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