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Copyright, ii
Preface, vii
Part I. DC Circuits, 1
1. Quantities and Units, 3
1-1. Scientific and Engineering Notation, 4
1-2. Units and Metric Prefixes, 9
1-3. Metric Unit Conversions, 11
1-4. Measured Numbers, 13
1-5. Electrical Safety, 16
2. Voltage, Current, and Resistance, 24
2-1. Atoms, 25
2-2. Electrical Charge, 28
2-3. Voltage, 31
2-4. Current, 37
2-5. Resistance, 40
2-6. The Electric Circuit, 48
2-7. Basic Circuit Measurements, 55
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 62
3. Ohm’s Law, Energy, and Power, 75
3-1. Ohm’s Law, 76
3-2. Application of Ohm’s Law, 80
3-3. Energy and Power, 85
3-4. Power in an Electric Circuit, 88
3-5. The Power Rating of Resistors, 90
3-6. Energy Conversion and Voltage Drop in a Resistance, 93
3-7. Power Supplies and Batteries, 95
3-8. Introduction to Troubleshooting, 98
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 101
4. Series Circuits, 115
4-1. Resistors in Series, 116
4-2. Total Series Resistance, 118
4-3. Current in a Series Circuit, 122
4-4. Application of Ohm’s Law, 124
4-5. Voltage Sources in Series, 128
4-6. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law, 131
4-7. Voltage Dividers, 135
4-8. Power in Series Circuits, 142
4-9. Voltage Measurements, 144
4-10. Troubleshooting, 148
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 152
5. Parallel Circuits, 170
5-1. Resistors in Parallel, 171
5-2. Total Parallel Resistance, 174
5-3. Voltage in a Parallel Circuit, 179
5-4. Application of Ohm’s Law, 182
5-5. Kirchhoff’s Current Law, 185
5-6. Current Dividers, 189
5-7. Power in Parallel Circuits, 193
5-8. Troubleshooting, 195
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 200
6. Series-Parallel Circuits, 219
6-1. Identifying Series-Parallel Relationships, 220
6-2. Analysis of Series-Parallel Resistive Circuits, 225
6-3. Voltage Dividers with Resistive Loads, 232
6-4. Loading Effect of a Voltmeter, 237
6-5. The Wheatstone Bridge, 239
6-6. Thevenin’s Theorem, 244
6-7. The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem, 252
6-8. The Superposition Theorem, 254
6-9. Troubleshooting, 259
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 263
7. Magnetism and Electromagnetism, 284
7-1. The Magnetic Field, 285
7-2. Electromagnetism, 291
7-3. Electromagnetic Devices, 297
7-4. Magnetic Hysteresis, 303
7-5. Electromagnetic Induction, 305
7-6. DC Generators, 310
7-7. DC Motors, 314
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 318
Part II. AC Circuits, 327
8. Introduction to Alternating Current and Voltage, 329
8-1. The Sinusoidal Waveform, 330
8-2. Voltage and Current Values of Sine Waves, 335
8-3. Angular Measurement of a Sine Wave, 339
8-4. The Sine Wave Formula, 343
8-5. Analysis of AC Circuits, 347
8-6. Alternators (AC Generators), 351
8-7. AC Motors, 355
8-8. Nonsinusoidal Waveforms, 358
8-9. The Oscilloscope, 365
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 371
9. Capacitors, 388
9-1. The Basic Capacitor, 389
9-2. Types of Capacitors, 395
9-3. Series Capacitors, 401
9-4. Parallel Capacitors, 405
9-5. Capacitors in DC Circuits, 407
9-6. Capacitors in AC Circuits, 415
9-7. Capacitor Applications, 423
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 428
10. RC Circuits, 443
10-1. Sinusoidal Response of Series RC Circuits, 444
10-2. Impedance and Phase Angle of Series RC Circuits, 445
10-3. Analysis of Series RC Circuits, 447
10-4. Impedance and Phase Angle of Parallel RC Circuits, 457
10-5. Analysis of Parallel RC Circuits, 460
10-6. Analysis of Series-Parallel RC Circuits, 464
10-7. Power in RC Circuits, 469
10-8. Basic Applications, 473
10-9. Troubleshooting, 479
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 484
11. Inductors, 499
11-1. The Basic Inductor, 500
11-2. Types of Inductors, 505
11-3. Series and Parallel Inductors, 506
11-4. Inductors in DC Circuits, 508
11-5. Inductors in AC Circuits, 518
11-6. Inductor Applications, 525
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 527
12. RL Circuits, 537
12-1. Sinusoidal Response of RL Circuits, 538
12-2. Impedance and Phase Angle of Series RL Circuits, 539
12-3. Analysis of Series RL Circuits, 541
12-4. Impedance and Phase Angle of Parallel RL Circuits, 549
12-5. Analysis of Parallel RL Circuits, 552
12-6. Analysis of Series-Parallel RL Circuits, 554
12-7. Power in RL Circuits, 558
12-8. Basic Applications, 561
12-9. Troubleshooting, 564
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 568
13. RLC Circuits and Resonance, 581
13-1. Impedance and Phase Angle of Series RLC Circuits, 582
13-2. Analysis of Series RLC Circuits, 583
13-3. Series Resonance, 588
13-4. Series Resonant Filters, 595
13-5. Parallel RLC Circuits, 603
13-6. Parallel Resonance, 608
13-7. Parallel Resonant Filters, 616
13-8. Applications, 622
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 626
14. Transformers, 636
14-1. Mutual Inductance, 637
14-2. The Basic Transformer, 638
14-3. Step-Up and Step-Down Transformers, 642
14-4. Loading the Secondary, 645
14-5. Reflected Load, 648
14-6. Impedance Matching, 650
14-7. Transformer Ratings and Characteristics, 653
14-8. Tapped and Multiple-Winding Transformers, 656
14-9. Troubleshooting, 661
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 663
15. Time Response of Reactive Circuits, 675
15-1. The RC Integrator, 676
15-2. Response of RC Integrators to a Single Pulse, 677
15-3. Response of RC Integrators to Repetitive Pulses, 682
15-4. Response of RC Differentiators to a Single Pulse, 686
15-5. Response of RC Differentiators to Repetitive Pulses, 691
15-6. Response of RL Integrators to Pulse Inputs, 693
15-7. Response of RL Differentiators to Pulse Inputs, 698
15-8. Applications, 701
15-9. Troubleshooting, 704
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 706
Part III. Devices, 717
16. Diodes and Applications, 719
16-1. Introduction to Semiconductors, 720
16-2. The Diode, 726
16-3. Diode Characteristics, 731
16-4. Diode Rectifiers, 735
16-5. Power Supplies, 744
16-6. Special-Purpose Diodes, 751
16-7. Troubleshooting, 758
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 765
17. Transistors and Applications, 780
17-1. DC Operation of Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs), 781
17-2. BJT Class A Amplifiers, 785
17-3. BJT Class B Amplifiers, 798
17-4. The BJT as a Switch, 804
17-5. DC Operations of Field-Effect Transistors (FETs), 806
17-6. FET Amplifiers, 814
17-7. Feedback Oscillators, 819
17-8. Troubleshooting, 825
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 829
18. The Operational Amplifier, 845
18-1. Introduction to the Operational Amplifier, 846
18-2. The Differential Amplifier, 848
18-3. Op-Amp Parameters, 854
18-4. Negative Feedback, 860
18-5. Op-Amp Configurations with Negative Feedback, 862
18-6. Op-Amp Resistances, 867
18-7. Troubleshooting, 870
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 873
19. Basic Op-Amp Circuits, 885
19-1. Comparators, 886
19-2. Summing Amplifiers, 889
19-3. Integrators and Differentiators, 893
19-4. Oscillators, 899
19-5. Active Filters, 905
19-6. Voltage Regulators, 913
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 921
20. Special-Purpose Op-Amp Circuits, 933
20-1. Instrumentation Amplifiers, 934
20-2. Isolation Amplifiers, 938
20-3. Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs), 943
20-4. Active Diode Circuits, 950
20-5. Current Sources and Converters, 956
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 958
21. Measurement, Conversion, and Control, 970
21-1. Temperature Measurement, 971
21-2. Strain, Pressure, and Flow Rate Measurements, 980
21-3. Motion Measurement, 985
21-4. Sample-and-Hold Circuits, 988
21-5. Analog-to-Digital Conversion, 991
21-6. Power-Control Circuits, 996
Application Assignment: Putting Your Knowledge to Work, 1000
Appendix A. Table of Standard Resistor Values, 1011
Appendix B. Capacitor Color Coding and Marking, 1012
Appendix C. Norton’s Theorem and Millman’s Theorem, 1016
Appendix D. Field-Programmable Analog Arrays (FPAAs), 1021
Appendix E. NI Multisim for Circuit Simulation, 1030
Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems, 1035
Glossary, 1048
Index, 1057

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