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Copyright, ii
Preface, iii
List of Career Applications, xix
Chapter 1. Review of Basic Concepts, 1
1-1. Basic Operations with Whole Numbers and Decimals, 2
1-2. Exponents, Roots, and Powers of 10, 30
1-3. Order of Operations and Problem Solving, 36
Chapter 2. Review of Fractions, 60
2-1. Multiples and Factors, 61
2-2. Equivalent Fractions and Decimals, 70
2-3. Adding and Subtracting Fractions and Mixed Numbers, 82
2-4. Multiplying and Dividing Fractions and Mixed Numbers, 89
2-5. The U.S. Customary System of Measurement, 101
Chapter 3. Percents, 132
3-1. Percent and Number Equivalents, 133
3-2. Percentage Problems, 139
3-3. Increase and Decrease, 154
Chapters 1–3 Cumulative Practice Test, 169
Chapter 4. Measurement, 170
4-1. Introduction to the Metric System, 171
4-2. Time, Temperature, and Other Measures, 183
4-3. Metric–U.S. Customary Comparisons, 188
4-4. Accuracy, Precision, Error, and Measuring Instruments, 191
Chapter 5. Signed Numbers and Powers of 10, 208
5-1. Adding Signed Numbers, 209
5-2. Subtracting Signed Numbers, 215
5-3. Multiplying and Dividing Signed Numbers, 219
5-4. Signed Fractions and Decimals, 225
5-5. Powers of 10, 233
5-6. Scientific Notation, 237
Chapter 6. Statistics, 257
6-1. Reading Circle, Bar, and Line Graphs, 258
6-2. Averages and Frequency Distributions, 264
6-3. Range and Standard Deviation, 274
6-4. Counting Techniques and Simple Probabilities, 281
Chapters 4–6 Cumulative Practice Test, 297
Chapter 7. Linear Equations, 299
7-1. Variable Notation, 300
7-2. Solving Linear Equations, 307
7-3. Applying the Distributive Property in Solving Equations, 315
7-4. Solving Linear Equations with Fractions and Decimals by Clearing the Denominators, 319
7-5. Formulas, 333
Chapter 8. Ratio and Proportion, 353
8-1. Ratio and Proportion, 354
8-2. Direct and Joint Variation, 357
8-3. Inverse and Combined Variation, 366
Chapter 9. Graphing Linear Equations and Functions, 381
9-1. Graphical Representation of Linear Equations and Functions, 382
9-2. Graphing Linear Equations with Two Variables Using Alternative Methods, 393
9-3. Slope, 403
9-4. Linear Equation of a Line, 408
Chapter 10. Systems of Linear Equations, 431
10-1. Solving Systems of Linear Equations Graphically, 432
10-2. Solving Systems of Linear Equations Using the Addition Method, 434
10-3. Solving Systems of Linear Equations Using the Substitution Method, 439
10-4. Problem Solving Using Systems of Linear Equations, 441
Chapters 7–10 Cumulative Practice Test, 452
Chapter 11. Powers and Polynomials, 453
11-1. Laws of Exponents, 454
11-2. Polynomials, 461
11-3. Basic Operations with Polynomials, 465
Chapter 12. Roots and Radicals, 484
12-1. Irrational Numbers and Real Numbers, 485
12-2. Simplifying Irrational Expressions, 491
12-3. Basic Operations with Square-Root Radicals, 497
12-4. Complex and Imaginary Numbers, 505
Chapter 13. Factoring, 518
13-1. The Distributive Property and Common Factors, 519
13-2. Factoring Special Products, 522
13-3. Factoring General Trinomials, 527
Chapter 14. Rational Expressions and Equations, 542
14-1. Simplifying Rational Expressions, 543
14-2. Multiplying and Dividing Rational Expressions, 547
14-3. Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions, 553
14-4. Solving Equations with Rational Expressions, 558
Chapter 15. Quadratic and Higher-Degree Equations, 571
15-1. Solving Quadratic Equations by the Square-Root Method, 572
15-2. Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring, 576
15-3. Solving Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square or Using the Formula, 580
15-4. Graphing Quadratic Functions, 588
15-5. Solving Higher-Degree Equations by Factoring, 597
Chapters 11–15 Cumulative Practice Test, 618
Chapter 16. Exponential and Logarithmic Equations, 619
16-1. Exponential Expressions, Equations, and Formulas, 620
16-2. Logarithmic Expressions, Equations, and Formulas, 636
Chapter 17. Inequalities and Absolute Values, 654
17-1. Inequalities and Sets, 655
17-2. Solving Linear Inequalities, 659
17-3. Solving Compound Inequalities, 667
17-4. Solving Quadratic and Rational Inequalities in One Variable, 673
17-5. Solving Equations and Inequalities Containing One Absolute-Value Term, 679
Chapter 18. Geometry, 694
18-1. Lines and Angles, 695
18-2. Polygons, 704
18-3. Circles and Radians, 716
18-4. Volume and Surface Area, 731
Chapter 19. Triangles, 756
19-1. Special Triangle Relationships, 757
19-2. Pythagorean Theorem, 765
19-3. Inscribed and Circumscribed Regular Polygons and Circles, 774
19-4. Distance and Midpoints, 784
Chapters 16–19 Cumulative Practice Test, 800
Chapter 20. Right-Triangle Trigonometry, 803
20-1. Trigonometric Functions, 804
20-2. Solving Right Triangles Using the Sine, Cosine, and Tangent Functions, 809
Chapter 21. Trigonometry with Any Angle, 834
21-1. Vectors, 835
21-2. Trigonometric Functions for Any Angle, 845
21-3. Period and Phase Shift, 851
21-4. Law of Sines, 857
21-5. Law of Cosines, 865
Chapters 20–21 Cumulative Practice Test, 883
Selected Answers to Student Exercise Material, 885
Glossary and Index, 969
Conversion Factors, EP-1
Geometric Formulas, EP-2
Metric Prefixes, EP-4
Greek Alphabet, EP-4

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