CourseSmart Reader

Health and Mental Health Care Policy: A Biopsychosocial Perspective, Third Edition

by Cynthia Moniz; Stephen Gorin

Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Publishing Date: 2009/07/21

eText ISBN-10

0-205-74695-0

eText ISBN-13

978-0-205-74695-8

Print ISBN-10

0-205-74694-2

Print ISBN-13

978-0-205-74694-1

Table of Contents

Why You Need This New Edition, i

Part One. Introduction, 1

1. Models of Health and Health Policy, 1

Introduction, 1

Part Two. National Health and Mental Health Policy in the United States, 14

2. The Failure to Enact National Health Insurance: 1865–1946, 14

Early Efforts to Reform National Health and Mental Health Care: 1865–1912, 14

Compulsory Health Insurance Efforts: 1912–1920, 19

Federal–State Reforms and Private Insurance: 1920–1932, 21

The New Deal Reforms: 1932–1940, 24

Federal Health and Mental Health Policy and Services: 1941–1946, 26

3. The Emergence of Employment-Based Insurance and Managed Care: 1943 to the Present, 32

The Defeat of National Health Care Legislation: 1943–1949, 33

The Enactment of Medicare: 1950–1965, 34

Health Care Inflation and Strategies for Reform: 1970–1988, 36

The Creation and Role of Community Mental Health Centers: 1963–1992, 40

The Decline of Community Mental Health: 1980–1992, 44

The Rise and Fall of the Health Security Act: 1988–1996, 45

The Aftermath of the Health Security Act: 1995–2003, 52

Reform During the Bush Years, 55

Prospects for Reform Under Obama, 61

United States Health Care Costs in International Perspective, 62

Part Three. The U.S. Health Care System Today, 73

4. Access to Care, 73

Health Insurance Coverage in the United States, 75

Health Insurance and Utilization of Services, 94

Improving Access to Health Care, 99

Highlights, 101

Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information, 103

References, 103

5. The Growth, Development, and Future of Managed Care, 108

The Health Maintenance Act of 1973, 109

From HMOs to Managed Care, 111

From Managed Care to Managed Competition, 112

Managed-Care Backlash, 114

Managed Care and Medicare, 117

Managed Care and Medicaid, 121

Managed Behavioral Health Care, 123

The Future of Managed Care, 127

Highlights, 128

Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information, 130

References, 130

6. Medicare and Medicaid, 137

Medicare Milestones, 160

Medicaid/CHIP Milestones, 161

Highlights, 162

Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information, 163

References, 164

Part Four. At-Risk and Underserved Populations, 168

7. Disparities in Health: People of Color, 168

Defining Risk, 168

Measuring Health Disparities, 169

African Americans, 173

Latina/os (Hispanics), 182

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, 185

Native Americans, 187

Racial Differences in the Delivery of Medical Care, 191

Highlights, 195

Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information, 195

References, 196

8. Disparities in Health: Gender and Age-Based Differences, 201

Women and Infants, 202

Children and Adolescents, 214

Older Adults, 223

Highlights, 229

Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information, 230

References, 231

Part Five. New Directions for Health and Health Policy, 237

9. Looking Beyond Health Care, 237

What Determines Good Health?, 237

Implications for Change, 247

Highlights, 248

Websites to Obtain Updated and Additional Information, 248

References, 249

Please use the Print button in the CourseSmart Reader header.