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Copyright, i
Body Structure, 1
Body cavities, 2
Anatomical planes of the body, 3
Directional terms, 4
Abdomen, 5
Body movements, 6
The Cell, 10
Typical cell, 12
Hereditary structure of the cell, 13
Skeletal System, 14
Bone structure—Cross-section of the adult femur, 18
Internal structure of the adult humerus, 19
Blood circulation to a mature bone, 20
Shapes of various bones, 21
Articulations, 22
Skeletal system—Anterior view, 24
Skeletal system—Posterior view, 25
Bones of the skull—Anterior view, 26
Bones of the skull—Right orbit, 27
Bones of the skull—Posterior view, 28
Bones of the skull—Superior view, 29
Bones of the skull—Right lateral view, 30
Bones of the skull—Midsagittal section, 31
Bones of the skull—Inferior view, 32
Bones of the skull—Floor of the cranial cavity, 33
Fetal skull, 34
Vertebral column, 35
Vertebra, 36
Intervertebral ligaments and discs, 37
Sacrum and coccyx, 38
Bones of the thorax—Anterior view, 39
Bones of the thorax—Posterior view, 40
Bones of the right humerus and scapula—Anterior view, 41
Bones of the right humerus and scapula—Posterior view, 42
Ligaments and bursa of the right shoulder—Anterior view, 43
Ligaments and bursa of the right shoulder—Lateral view (joint opened), 44
Right total shoulder joint replacement, 45
Ligaments and bursa of the right elbow, 46
Bones of right radius and ulna, 47
Bones of the right wrist and hand, 48
Ligaments of the right wrist, 49
Bones of the pelvis and hip—Anterior view, 50
Bones of the pelvis and hip—Posterior view, 51
Bones of the right pelvic girdle, 52
Comparison of the female and male pelvis, 53
Ligaments of the right hip joint, 54
Right total hip replacement, 55
Right femur, 56
Superficial ligaments of the right knee, 57
Deep ligaments of the right knee, 58
Knee joint—Sagittal section, 59
Right total knee replacement, 60
Right tibia and fibula, 61
Ligaments of the right ankle—Lateral view, 62
Ligaments of the right ankle—Medial view, 63
Bones of the right foot—Dorsal view, 64
Bones of the right foot—Plantar view, 65
Bones of the right foot, 66
Ligaments of the right foot—Sole of foot, 67
Muscular System, 68
Types of muscle, 87
Muscular system—Anterior view, 88
Muscular system—Posterior view, 89
Muscles of the head—Anterior view, 90
Muscle origins and insertions—Skull: Anterior view, 91
Muscles of the head—Right lateral view, 92
Muscles of the jaw—Right lateral view, 93
Muscle origins and insertions—Skull and mandible, 94
Muscles of the right eye, 95
Muscles of the tongue—Right lateral view, 96
Muscles of the pharynx—Posterior view, 97
Muscles of the neck—Anterior view, 98
Muscles of the neck—Right lateral view, 99
Muscles of the neck—Posterior view, 100
Muscle origins and insertions—Skull, neck, mandible, hyoid, 101
Muscles of the vertebral column—Posterior view, 102
Muscles of the vertebrae—Posterior view, 103
Muscles of the thorax—Anterior view, 104
Muscle origins and insertions—Thorax and clavicle, 105
Muscles of the thorax and abdomen—Anterior view, 106
Diaphragm—Superior view, 107
Diaphragm—Inferior view, 108
Muscles of the abdomen—Cross-section, 109
Muscles of the posterior abdominal wall, 110
Muscles of the back—Posterior view, 111
Muscles of the pelvic floor—Inferior view, 112
Muscle origins and insertions—Pelvis: Inferior view, 113
Muscles of the right shoulder and arm—Anterior view, 114
Muscle origins and insertions—Right shoulder and arm: Anterior view, 115
Muscles of the right shoulder and arm—Posterior view, 116
Muscle origins and insertions—Right shoulder and arm: Posterior view, 117
Muscles of the right rotator cuff, 118
Muscles of the right forearm—Anterior view, 119
Muscle origins and insertions—Right forearm: Anterior view, 120
Muscles of the right forearm—Posterior view, 121
Muscle origins and insertions—Right forearm: Posterior view, 122
Muscles of the right wrist—Carpal tunnel. Cross-section, 123
Muscles of the right hand—Anterior (palmar) view, 124
Muscle origins and insertions—Right hand: Anterior (palmar) view, 125
Muscles of the right hand—Posterior (dorsal) view, 126
Muscle origins and insertions—Right hand: Posterior (dorsal) view, 127
Muscles of the hip—Posterior view, 128
Muscles of the right thigh—Anterior view, 129
Muscle origins and insertions—Right hip and thigh: Anterior view, 130
Muscles of the right thigh—Posterior view, 131
Muscle origins and insertions—Right hip and thigh: Posterior view, 132
Muscles of the right knee—Anterior view, 133
Muscles of the right knee—Medial view, 134
Muscles of the right knee—Lateral view, 135
Muscles of the right leg—Anterior view, 136
Muscle origins and insertions—Right leg: Anterior view, 137
Muscles of the right leg—Posterior view, 138
Muscle origins and insertions—Right leg: Posterior view, 139
Muscles of right foot—Anterior view, 140
Muscles of the right foot—Plantar view, 141
Nervous System, 142
Structure of a neuron, 146
Axon, 147
Nervous system—Central and peripheral, 148
Brain—Right lateral view, 149
Brain—Functional areas: Left lateral view, 150
Cerebrum—Right lateral view, 151
Cerebrum, 152
Cerebrum—Section in transverse plane, 153
Cerebrum—Inferior view, 154
Cerebellum, 155
Cerebrum and cerebellum—Right lateral view and section, 156
Brain meninges, 157
Ventricles of the brain—Right lateral phantom view, 158
Limbic system—Right midsagittal section, 159
Brainstem—Right posterolateral view, 160
Brainstem—Anterior view, 161
Cranial nerves of brain—Inferior view, 162
Facial nerve—Right lateral view, 163
Trigeminal nerve—Right lateral view, 164
Glossopharyngeal nerve—Right lateral view, 165
Spinal nerves—Posterior view, 166
Meningeal membranes surrounding the spinal cord—Anterolateral cross–section, 167
Spinal cord—Anterior cross–section, 168
Sensory and motor neurons of the spinal cord—Superior view, 169
Cervical plexus (C1–C4)—Right anterior view, 170
Brachial plexus (C5–T1)—Right anterior view, 171
Nerves of the right arm—Anterior view, 172
Nerves of the right arm—Posterior view, 173
Lumbar plexus (L1–L4)—Right anterior view, 174
Sacral plexus (L4–S4)—Right anterior view, 175
Nerves of the right leg—Anterior view, 176
Nerves of the right leg—Posterior view, 177
Dermatomes, 178
Autonomic nervous system—Sympathetic division, 179
Autonomic nervous system—Parasympathetic division, 180
Digestive System, 181
Digestive system—Anterior view, 184
Mouth and pharynx, 185
Teeth, 186
Tongue and salivary glands, 187
Pharynx—Posterior view, 188
Stomach, 189
Liver and gallbladder, 190
Duodenum, gallbladder, and pancreas, 191
Small intestine and greater omentum, 192
Large intestine and rectum with arterial blood supply—Anterior view, 193
Circulatory System, 194
Circulatory system—Major arteries, 197
Circulatory system—Major veins, 198
Circulatory system, 199
Heart, 200
Heart valves—Superior view with atria removed, 201
Coronary arteries and veins, 202
Cerebral arteries (circle of Willis)—Inferior view, 203
Head and neck, 204
Right upper limb—Anterior view: Arteries, 205
Right upper limb—Anterior view: Veins, 206
Abdomen—Arteries and veins: Anterior view, 207
Right lower limb, 208
Portal vein system, 210
Respiratory System, 211
Nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx—Midsagittal section, 215
Larynx, 216
Vestibular folds, 217
Thorax—Anterior view, 218
Bronchiole and alveoli—Anterior view, 219
Lymphatic System, 220
Lymphatic system—Anterior view, 222
Lymphatic circulation and node, 223
Lymphatics of the cardiovascular system, 224
Lymphatics of the head and neck, 225
Lymphatics of the female breast, 226
Lymphatics of the large intestine and rectum, 227
Lymphatics of the genitalia, 228
Endocrine System, 229
Endocrine system—Anterior view, 231
Hormonal secretion of the pituitary gland, 232
Hypothalamus and pituitary gland, 233
Thyroid and parathyroid glands, 234
Adrenal glands and pancreas, 235
Testes and ovaries, 236
Urinary System, 237
Urinary system—Anterior view, 239
Kidneys and ureters—Anterior view, 240
Right kidney—Anterior view, 241
Nephron with its associated blood vessels, 242
Urinary bladder, 243
Reproductive System, 244
External genitalia, 246
Female reproductive system—Midsagittal section, 247
Uterus, vagina, and ovaries—Anterior view with developing follicles on right side, 248
Menstrual cycle, 249
Female breast, 250
Male reproductive system—Midsagittal section, 251
Penis and prostate—Anterior longitudinal section, 252
The Senses, 253
Vision, 256
Vision—The retina, 257
Vision—Visual pathways, 258
Smell, 259
Taste, 260
Taste—Pathways, 261
Hearing—Ear: Right frontal section, 262
Hearing, 263
Balance, 264
Touch—Skin: Cross–section, 265
Index, 266

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