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Copyright, ii
Preface, xv
Chapter 1. An Introduction to Networking, 1
Why Use Networks?, 2
Types of Networks, 3
Peer-to-Peer Networks, 3
Client/Server Networks, 4
LANs, MANs, and WANs, 6
Elements Common to Client/Server Networks, 8
How Networks Are Used, 12
File and Print Services, 12
Access Services, 12
Communications Services, 13
Internet Services, 14
Management Services, 14
Becoming a Networking Professional, 15
Mastering the Technical Challenges, 16
Developing Your “Soft Skills”, 17
Pursuing Certification, 18
Finding a Job in Networking, 18
Joining Professional Associations, 19
Chapter Summary, 20
Key Terms, 22
Review Questions, 26
Hands-On-Projects, 29
Case Projects, 37
Chapter 2. Networking Standards and the OSI Model, 39
Networking Standards Organizations, 41
ANSI, 42
EIA and TIA, 42
IEEE, 42
ISO, 43
ITU, 43
ISOC, 43
IANA and ICANN, 44
The OSI Model, 44
Application Layer, 46
Presentation Layer, 47
Session Layer, 47
Transport Layer, 48
Network Layer, 50
Data Link Layer, 52
Physical Layer, 54
Applying the OSI Model, 55
Communication Between Two Systems, 56
Frame Specifications, 58
IEEE Networking Specifications, 58
Chapter Summary, 59
Key Terms, 60
Review Questions, 65
Hands-On-Projects, 68
Case Projects, 72
Chapter 3. Transmission Basics and Networking Media, 73
Transmission Basics, 75
Analog and Digital Signaling, 75
Data Modulation, 80
Simplex, Half-Duplex, and Duplex, 80
Multiplexing, 82
Relationships Between Nodes, 85
Throughput and Bandwidth, 85
Baseband and Broadband, 87
Transmission Flaws, 87
Common Media Characteristics, 90
Throughput, 90
Cost, 91
Noise Immunity, 91
Size and Scalability, 92
Connectors and Media Converters, 92
Coaxial Cable, 93
Twisted Pair Cable, 96
STP (Shielded Twisted Pair), 97
UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair), 97
Comparing STP and UTP, 100
Terminating Twisted Pair Cable, 101
Fiber-Optic Cable, 105
SMF (Single-Mode Fiber), 105
MMF (Multimode Fiber), 106
DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) and DCE (Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment) Connector Cables, 109
Structured Cabling, 111
Best Practices for Cable Installation and Management, 116
Chapter Summary, 117
Key Terms, 119
Review Questions, 127
Hands-On-Projects, 131
Case Projects, 133
Chapter 4. Introduction to TCP/IP Protocols, 135
Characteristics of TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), 137
The TCP/IP Core Protocols, 138
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), 138
UDP (User Datagram Protocol), 142
IP (Internet Protocol), 142
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), 145
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol), 145
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), 146
RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol), 146
IPv4 Addressing, 147
Binary and Dotted Decimal Notation, 150
Subnet Mask, 150
Assigning IP Addresses, 151
BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol), 152
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), 152
APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing), 155
IPv6 Addressing, 156
Sockets and Ports, 158
Host Names and DNS (Domain Name System), 160
Domain Names, 160
Host Files, 161
DNS (Domain Name System), 162
Configuring DNS, 164
DDNS (Dynamic DNS), 167
Zeroconf (Zero Configuration), 167
Application Layer Protocols, 168
Telnet, 168
FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 168
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol), 170
NTP (Network Time Protocol), 171
NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol), 171
PING (Packet Internet Groper), 171
Chapter Summary, 173
Key Terms, 175
Review Questions, 181
Hands-On-Projects, 185
Case Projects, 191
Chapter 5. Topologies and Ethernet Standards, 193
Simple Physical Topologies, 195
Bus, 195
Ring, 197
Star, 198
Logical Topologies, 199
Hybrid Physical Topologies, 199
Star-Wired Ring, 199
Star-Wired Bus, 200
Backbone Networks, 201
Serial Backbone, 201
Distributed Backbone, 202
Collapsed Backbone, 203
Parallel Backbone, 203
Switching, 205
Circuit Switching, 205
Message Switching, 206
Packet Switching, 206
MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching), 206
Ethernet, 207
CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection), 208
Ethernet Standards for Copper Cable, 209
Ethernet Standards for Fiber-Optic Cable, 212
10-Gigabit Fiber-Optic Standards, 213
Summary of Common Ethernet Standards, 214
Ethernet Frames, 215
PoE (Power over Ethernet), 217
Chapter Summary, 219
Key Terms, 221
Review Questions, 225
Hands-On-Projects, 229
Case Projects, 234
Chapter 6. Network Hardware, 237
NICs (Network Interface Cards), 239
Types of NICs, 239
Installing NICs, 246
Choosing the Right NIC, 255
Repeaters and Hubs, 256
Bridges, 258
Switches, 260
Installing a Switch, 261
Switching Methods, 262
VLANs and Trunking, 264
STP (Spanning Tree Protocol), 267
Content and Multilayer Switches, 269
Routers, 270
Router Characteristics and Functions, 270
Routing Protocols, 273
Gateways and Other Multifunction Devices, 276
Chapter Summary, 277
Key Terms, 279
Review Questions, 285
Hands-On-Projects, 290
Case Projects, 295
Chapter 7. WANs and Remote Connectivity, 297
WAN Essentials, 299
WAN Topologies, 301
Bus, 301
Ring, 302
Star, 303
Mesh, 304
Tiered, 304
PSTN, 305
X.25 and Frame Relay, 309
ISDN, 311
T-Carriers, 313
Types of T-Carriers, 313
T-Carrier Connectivity, 315
DSL, 317
Types of DSL, 318
DSL Connectivity, 319
Broadband Cable, 321
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), 323
SONET (Synchronous Optical Network), 325
WAN Technologies Compared, 328
Remote Connectivity, 328
Dial-up Networking, 329
Remote Access Servers, 330
Remote Access Protocols, 331
Remote Virtual Computing, 333
VPNs (Virtual Private Networks), 336
Chapter Summary, 338
Key Terms, 342
Review Questions, 349
Hands-On-Projects, 354
Case Projects, 360
Chapter 8. Wireless Networking, 363
The Wireless Spectrum, 365
Characteristics of Wireless Transmission, 366
Antennas, 366
Signal Propagation, 367
Signal Degradation, 368
Frequency Ranges, 369
Narrowband, Broadband, and Spread Spectrum Signals, 369
Fixed versus Mobile, 370
WLAN (Wireless LAN) Architecture, 370
802.11 WLANs, 373
Access Method, 374
Association, 374
Frames, 377
802.11b, 378
802.11a, 379
802.11g, 379
802.11n, 379
Bluetooth Networks, 382
Summary of WLAN Standards, 382
Implementing a WLAN, 383
Determining the Design, 383
Configuring Wireless Connectivity Devices, 386
Configuring Wireless Clients, 392
Avoiding Pitfalls, 395
Wireless WANs and Internet Access, 396
802.11 Internet Access, 396
802.16 (WiMAX) Internet Access, 397
Satellite Internet Access, 400
Chapter Summary, 403
Key Terms, 405
Review Questions, 410
Hands-On-Projects, 414
Case Projects, 419
Chapter 9. Network Operating Systems, 421
Characteristics of Network Operating Systems, 423
Network Operating Systems and Servers, 424
Client Support, 424
Identifying and Organizing Network Elements, 429
Sharing Applications, 432
Sharing Printers, 433
Managing System Resources, 435
Windows Server 2008, 437
Hardware Requirements, 439
Memory Model, 440
NTFS (New Technology File System), 442
Active Directory, 442
Server Management, 449
UNIX and Linux, 451
A Brief History of UNIX, 452
Varieties of UNIX, 452
Two Flavors of UNIX, 454
Hardware Requirements, 455
Linux Hardware Requirements, 456
UNIX Multiprocessing, 456
The UNIX Memory Model, 457
The UNIX Kernel, 457
UNIX System File and Directory Structure, 457
UNIX File Systems, 458
A UNIX and Linux Command Sampler, 459
Chapter Summary, 463
Key Terms, 466
Review Questions, 473
Hands-On-Projects, 477
Case Projects, 482
Chapter 10. In-Depth TCP/IP Networking, 485
Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks, 487
Subnetting, 487
CIDR (Classless Interdomain Routing), 494
Internet Gateways, 496
Address Translation, 497
TCP/IP Mail Services, 500
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 501
MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), 501
POP (Post Office Protocol), 502
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol), 502
Additional TCP/IP Utilities, 503
Ipconfig, 503
Ifconfig, 505
Netstat, 506
Nbtstat, 507
Hostname, Host, and Nslookup, 508
Dig, 509
Whois, 510
Traceroute (Tracert), 510
Mtr (my traceroute), 512
Route, 513
Chapter Summary, 515
Key Terms, 517
Review Questions, 520
Hands-On-Projects, 524
Case Projects, 528
Chapter 11. Voice and Video Over IP, 531
Terminology, 533
VoIP (Voice over IP) Applications and Interfaces, 534
Analog Telephones, 535
IP Telephones, 537
Softphones, 539
Video-over-IP Applications and Interfaces, 541
Streaming Video, 542
IPTV (IP Television), 544
Videoconferencing, 546
Signaling Protocols, 547
H.323, 548
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), 549
MGCP (Media Gateway Control Protocol) and MEGACO (H.248), 551
Transport Protocols, 553
RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol), 554
RTCP (Real-time Transport Control Protocol), 554
QoS (Quality of Service) Assurance, 555
RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol), 555
DiffServ (Differentiated Service), 556
MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching), 556
Chapter Summary, 557
Key Terms, 560
Review Questions, 564
Hands-On-Projects, 567
Case Projects, 572
Chapter 12. Network Security, 575
Security Audits, 577
Security Risks, 577
Risks Associated with People, 578
Risks Associated with Transmission and Hardware, 579
Risks Associated with Protocols and Software, 580
Risks Associated with Internet Access, 581
An Effective Security Policy, 582
Security Policy Goals, 583
Security Policy Content, 584
Response Policy, 584
Physical Security, 585
Security in Network Design, 587
Router Access Lists, 587
Intrusion Detection and Prevention, 588
Firewalls, 589
Proxy Servers, 592
NOS (Network Operating System) Security, 593
Logon Restrictions, 594
Passwords, 594
Encryption, 595
Key Encryption, 596
PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), 600
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), 600
SSH (Secure Shell), 601
SCP (Secure CoPy) and SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol), 602
IPSec (Internet Protocol Security), 603
Authentication Protocols, 604
RADIUS and TACACS, 604
PAP (Password Authentication Protocol), 604
CHAP and MS-CHAP, 605
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), 609
802.1x (EAPoL), 609
Kerberos, 610
Wireless Network Security, 611
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), 612
IEEE 802.11i and WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), 613
Chapter Summary, 614
Key Terms, 616
Review Questions, 624
Hands-On-Projects, 628
Case Projects, 632
Chapter 13. Troubleshooting Network Problems, 635
Troubleshooting Methodology, 637
Identify the Symptoms and Problems, 638
Identify the Affected Area, 639
Determine What Has Changed, 642
Establish the Most Probable Cause, 644
Determine Whether Escalation is Necessary, 649
Create an Action Plan and Solution Including Potential Effects, 650
Implement and Test the Solution, 652
Identify the Results and Effects of the Solution, 654
Document the Solution and Process, 654
Help to Prevent Future Problems, 656
Troubleshooting Tools, 657
Crossover Cable, 657
Tone Generator and Tone Locator, 657
Multimeter, 658
Cable Continuity Testers, 660
Cable Performance Testers, 661
Voltage Event Recorders, 662
Butt Set, 663
Network Monitors, 664
Protocol Analyzers, 666
Wireless Network Testers, 667
Chapter Summary, 669
Key Terms, 671
Review Questions, 674
Hands-On-Projects, 678
Case Projects, 680
Chapter 14. Ensuring Integrity and Availability, 683
What Are Integrity and Availability?, 685
Malware, 687
Types of Malware, 687
Malware Characteristics, 689
Malware Protection, 690
Hoaxes, 693
Fault Tolerance, 693
Environment, 694
Power, 694
Topology and Connectivity, 698
Servers, 701
Storage, 703
Data Backup, 710
Backup Media and Methods, 711
Backup Strategy, 713
Disaster Recovery, 715
Disaster Recovery Planning, 715
Disaster Recovery Contingencies, 716
Chapter Summary, 717
Key Terms, 720
Review Questions, 725
Hands-On-Projects, 729
Case Projects, 732
Chapter 15. Network Management, 735
Fundamentals of Network Management, 737
Documentation, 737
Baseline Measurements, 740
Policies, Procedures, and Regulations, 741
Fault and Performance Management, 743
Network Management Software, 743
System and Event Logs, 745
Traffic Shaping, 747
Caching, 748
Asset Management, 749
Change Management, 749
Software Changes, 750
Hardware and Physical Plant Changes, 756
Chapter Summary, 761
Key Terms, 763
Review Questions, 765
Hands-On-Projects, 769
Case Projects, 773
Appendix A. Network+ Examination Objectives, 775
Domain 1.0 Network Technologies – 20% of Examination, 775
Network+ Examination Objectives—Network Technologies, 775
Domain 2.0 Network Media and Topologies – 20% of Examination, 778
Network+ Examination Objectives—Network Media and Topologies, 778
Domain 3.0 Network Devices – 17% of Examination, 781
Network+ Examination Objectives—Network Devices, 781
Domain 4.0 Network Management – 20% of Examination, 782
Network+ Examination Objectives—Network Management, 782
Domain 5.0 Network Tools – 12% of Examination, 785
Network+ Examination Objectives—Network Tools, 785
Domain 6.0 Network Security – 11% of Examination, 786
Network+ Examination Objectives—Network Security, 786
Appendix B. Network+ Practice Exam, 789
Appendix C. Visual Guide to Connectors, 819
Glossary, 821
Index, 865

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